Introduction to information theory- Shannon noiseless coding theorem and Shannon noisy coding theorem.

Introduction to optical communication: Overview of General communication, advantage of optical communication, review of optical fibre and its propagation characteristics, signal attenuation in fibre, dispersion, classification and effect of dispersion in information transfer, review of fibre connectors, couplers, optical filter, isolator, circulator and attenuator.

Atomic structure and spectroscopy: One and multi electron atoms, energy level notation schemes, interaction of electromagnetic radiation with atoms, Einstein’s coefficients, line shape and broadening. Visible, UV and x-ray spectroscopy of atoms. Instrumentation and applications. Astronomical significance. Molecular spectroscopy: Molecular structure, Group theory for molecular physics, Huckel model, Hartree Fock, density functional calculation of di-atomic and poly-atomic molecules. Energy level structure and notation, electronics, vibrational and rotational structure.

Introduction: Moore’s law and technology development. International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS); Technology and material challenges limiting Moore’s law. Contacts : Fabrication of Junction, Metal-semiconductor contacts, Schottky barrier. Contact resistance: 2-probe and 4-probe measurements; Kelvin and van der Pau structures; pn junctions: carrier transport. Equilibrium conditions, Steady state conditions, Transients and AC conditions.

Second quantization: Fock space representation, creation and annihilation operators for bosons and fermions, representation of many-body operators. Green's functions at zero temperature: Interaction representation, Wick's theorem, Feynman diagrams. Finite temperatures: Matsubara functions, retarded and advanced Green's functions. Linear response, Kubo formula. Interacting fermions: Fermi liquid theory, Hubbard model, Heisenberg model. Electron-Phonon interaction, BCS theory of superconductivity